Mbiri ya mapaipi

Mbiri ya malonda a plumber ndi nkhani yakale, kuyambira pomanga mapiramidi ku Egypt wakale; zotsimikiziridwa ndi mapaipi amkuwa azaka 4,500, ndi ntchito yomwe yapitilira kutukuka ndikukula kwazaka mazana ambiri ndi mibadwo ya okonza mapaipi omwe adayigwiritsa ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti itumizidwanso.

Mizinda ya ku Greece yakale inali ndi ma network awo amadzi omwe amapereka akasupe a anthu onse ndikuyika m'nyumba zokhalamo anthu komanso nyumba zaboma. Chiyambi cha kugawa madzi m'nthawi zakale ndi ntchito ya Roma mu Ufumu wonse wa Roma, umene zotsalira zambiri zidakalipo. Pambuyo pa kuwukira kwakukulu kwa zaka za 5th ndi 6th, ntchito ya plumber idabadwanso ndikuwongoleranso kutsogolo kwa nyumba zachifumu kenako ma cathedrals, asanabwerere kukapereka akasupe ndi masewera ena amadzi m'nyumba za Renaissance. M’zaka za m’ma 1800 madzi akukwera pang’onopang’ono m’nyumbazo, ndi kufika kwa gasi pansanjika zonse. Zaka za zana la 20 ndi zaka zamadzi kwa onse m'maiko otukuka, m'makhitchini ndi mabafa amizinda ndi kumidzi.

Ntchito ya plumber ndi yosiyana siyana komanso yovuta, chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe plumber imayitanidwa kuti igwire: kuyika madzi ndi gasi mkati mwa nyumba, moto woteteza, mpweya wamankhwala, ntchito yothirira. paulimi, kugwira ntchito mu mphamvu ya geothermal, kukonzanso ndi kubwezeretsa zinyalala zapakhomo pogwiritsa ntchito ma methanization, ndi madzi ena ambiri; mpaka cha m'ma 1850, anali okonza mipope amene anatsogolera denga la matchalitchi, mipingo ndi nyumba zina zaboma kapena zapadera. Malo omwe ntchito ya plumber ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osiyanasiyana: nyumba zonse zogona, zosamalira ndi zopumulira, nyumba zamaofesi, zipatala ndi ma laboratories, kukhazikitsa m'mafakitale ndi kumidzi. Makamaka, mu duwa komwe mudzapeza ma plumbers ambiri a Toulouse (plombier Toulouse). Choncho, mabomba si malo okhawo amene amagulitsa maula.

Ntchito ya wopaka mapaipi simangogwira ntchito pansi pa sinki, kutsekera madzi otuluka, kukonza ngalande, kapena kukonzanso zimbudzi.

Zopangira zamakono za bafa.

“Ponena izi sitinyoza ntchito ya dzanja lomwe lili ndi chida. Ntchito ya manja ndiyo kuphunzira kukhulupirika. Mulole ntchito ya manja anu ikhale chizindikiro cha kuzindikira ndi ulemu ku chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ngakhale kuti ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito ya plumber kukonza zotulukapo ndikubweretsa ukhondo ndi chitonthozo m'nyumba, mafakitale kapena malo opumira, ntchito yake ndikutenga nawo gawo pazinthu zina zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimafuna chidziwitso chochuluka m'malo ambiri aukadaulo. ndi zaka zambiri zamalonda.

Malo opumira am'madzi.

Makampani opangira mapaipi omwe amapangira ma plumbers amatha kugwira ntchito zambiri zamapaipi, iliyonse yomwe imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso padera pa gawo limodzi kapena zingapo za ntchitoyi:

Mahotela okhala ndi zimbudzi zowoneka bwino komanso zazikulu, makamaka m'mahotela apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi momwe mwala wamiyala amapaka golide. "Wokongoletsayo wapeza bwino kwambiri, zochititsa chidwi alchemy pakati pa mitengo, nsangalabwi, golide ndi silika [...] pansi ndi makoma yokutidwa ndi zokongola Carrara nsangalabwi ndi mitsempha osowa, mayunitsi zachabechabe, grandiose , yokutidwa kwathunthu ndi 24 carat golide. tsamba. » Pamwamba pa zipinda zosambira « marble pansi ndi pa makoma, mipope ya golidi, ngakhale ndi diamondi ». Ku George-V: "Nyumba yachifumuyi ili ndi mabafa apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi golide [...] marble ndiye wofunikira, inde. »

Malo ogulitsira omwe ali ndi masitolo ambiri, okhala ndi akasupe, chitetezo cha moto, malo odyera ndi zimbudzi, osanenapo za kubwerera kwa madzi otayikawa kumalo opangira mankhwala.

Kumanga nsanja zazikulu za konkire, galasi ndi zitsulo zomwe zimawulukira kumwamba ndi kumene madzi akumwa ayenera kubweretsedwa, komanso madzi amafunikira kuthirira ndi kuteteza moto.

Kabati yogawa gasi wachipatala m'chipatala.

Malo amakono aukhondo pabwalo la ndege lapadziko lonse lapansi.

Zipatala zokhala ndi madzi ozizira osaphika, madzi oyeretsedwa kuti akwaniritse njira yazida zosamalira mwapadera kwambiri, maukonde amadzi otentha pamatenthedwe ochulukirapo kapena pang'ono, pazosowa za zipinda, khitchini ndi zovala. Ndiwonso kukhetsa madzi awa mochulukira kapena kudzaza ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoipitsa ndi zida, zomwe ziyenera kuchitiridwa m'malo opangira mankhwala kapena akasinja, asanatulutsidwe mumayendedwe otayira kapena malo ena.