2021 Guinean coup d'état

Gulu lankhondo ku Kaloum, patangotha tsiku limodzi kulanda boma

Pa 5 Seputembara 2021, Purezidenti wa Guinea Alpha Condé adagwidwa ndi asitikali ankhondo mdzikolo pomenya nkhondo pambuyo powombera mfuti ku likulu la dziko la Conakry. Mtsogoleri wa asitikali apadera a Mamady Doumbouya adatulutsa wailesi yakanema yaboma yolengeza zakukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo ndi boma.

Pambuyo pazaka makumi angapo zakulamulira mwankhanza ku Guinea, a Condé anali mtsogoleri woyamba wadzikolo mwa demokalase. Munthawi yomwe akugwira ntchito, dziko la Guinea lidagwiritsa ntchito chuma chawo potukula chuma, koma anthu ambiri mdzikolo sanakumanepo ndi izi. Mu 2020, a Condé adasintha lamuloli ndi referendum kuti adzilole kuti adzalandire gawo lachitatu, kusintha komwe kudadzetsa ziwonetsero zaku 2019-2020 za Guinea. M'chaka chomaliza cha teremu yachiwiri ndi nthawi yake yachitatu, a Condé adalimbana ndi ziwonetsero komanso otsutsa, ena mwa iwo adafera m'ndende, pomwe boma limayesetsa kuti likhale ndi kukwera mitengo pazinthu zofunika. Mu Ogasiti 2021, poyesa kulinganiza bajeti, Guinea idalengeza zakukweza misonkho, idachepetsa ndalama zomwe amawononga apolisi ndi asitikali, ndikuwonjezera ndalama kuofesi ya Purezidenti ndi National Assembly.

Kuphatikizana kudayamba m'mawa wa 5 Seputembara, pomwe Gulu Lankhondo la Republic of Guinea linazungulira Sekhoutoureah Presidential Palace ndikuzungulira chigawo chachikulu cha boma. Pambuyo pa kuwomberana ndi magulu ankhondo, omenyera ufuluwo, omwe akuwoneka kuti akutsogozedwa ndi a Doumbouya, adamugwira Condé, adalengeza kutha kwa boma ndi mabungwe ake, kufafaniza lamuloli, ndikusindikiza malire. Pomwe andale akumaloko sanatsutse kapena kuthandizira kuwomberako, kulanda kwawo kudakumana ndi zotsutsana ndi mayiko akunja, omwe akufuna kuti boma liziimitsa, kuti akaidi amasulidwe komanso kuti lamulo lalamulo libwerere.

Pa Okutobala 1, 2021, Mamady Doumbouya adalumbiritsidwa kukhala purezidenti wanthawi yayitali.

Chiyambi

Kuchokera pa ufulu wadzikoli kuchokera ku France mu 1958 mpaka 2010, Guinea idalamulidwa ndi maulamuliro opondereza kuphatikiza "zaka makumi khumi zaulamuliro wonyansa". Mu 2008, gulu lankhondo linalimbikitsidwa atangomwalira Lansana Conté. Asitikali adasiya ntchito mu 2010. Alpha Condé, Purezidenti woyamba kusankhidwa mwamtendere komanso mwa demokalase kuofesi ya Purezidenti wa Guinea, adayamba kuyang'anira dzikolo mu 2010, ndipo adasankhidwanso mu 2015. Dzikolo linali ndi purezidenti wazaka ziwiri. malire, koma referendum yadziko la 2020 idaphatikizaponso gawo lokulitsa kutalika kwa nthawi ndikulola Condé "kukhazikitsanso" malire ake ndikufunanso magawo ena awiri.

2019-2020 A ku Guinea achita ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi ulamuliro wa Alpha Condé

Izi zidabweretsa mpungwepungwe ndipo zidadzetsa ziwonetsero zazikulu zisanachitike komanso pambuyo pa referendum, zomwe zidaponderezedwa mwankhanza, ndikupha anthu opitilira makumi atatu pakati pa Okutobala 2019 ndi Marichi 2020. Kusintha kwamalamulo atavomerezedwa, Condé adapambana zisankho za Purezidenti wa 2020 ndipo potero muofesi. Izi zidatsatiridwanso ndi ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi Purezidenti, pomwe otsutsa adadzudzula Condé chifukwa chovota. Ziwonetsero zidapitilira chaka chonse, ndipo anazunzidwa mwankhanza ndi achitetezo, ndikupha anthu wamba osachepera 12, kuphatikiza ana awiri ku Conakry. France idadzichotsa ku Condé kutsatira zisankho za 2020, kusiya China, Egypt, Russia ndi Turkey kukhala patsogolo mwa mayiko ochepa mwamphamvu omwe adapitilizabe kuthandiza Purezidenti. Izi zidachitika pomwe maiko aku West Africa ndi Central Africa adakumana ndikubwerera m'mbuyo mwa demokalase: Chad idadzilanda okha asitikali mu Epulo 2021, Mali idalandidwa kawiri chaka chimodzi (mu Ogasiti 2020 ndi Meyi 2021), pomwe Ivory Coast idasankha Purezidenti wa Nthawi yachitatu pakakhala mikangano yambiri komanso milandu yabodza.

Kuyambira pachisankho cha purezidenti, andale otsutsa, omwe anali kutsutsa kuvomerezeka kwa zomwe a Condé adachita, adaponderezedwa. Mwachitsanzo, Mamady Condé adamangidwa mu Januware 2021, pomwe Roger Bamba, mtsogoleri wa Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea (UFDG), chipani chotsutsa, ndi Mamadou Oury Barry onse adamwalira mndende. Ndende mdzikolo, malinga ndi Human Rights Watch, zili ndi mavuto ambiri.

Kulanda

Kuwomberako kunayamba nthawi ya 08:00 nthawi yakomweko (GMT) pafupi ndi Nyumba Yamalamulo. A Mboni adanena kuti asirikali adadula malo oyandikira Kaloum, omwe amakhala ndi maofesi ambiri aboma, ndipo apolisiwo adauza anthu kuti asatsalire kunyumba. Pomwe Unduna wa Zachitetezo udanenanso kuti ziwopsezozo zidalipo, zithunzi za a Condé akutulutsidwa mnyumbayo zidayamba kuwonekera, ndipo patangopita nthawi pang'ono, makanema adasungidwa a Condé atasungidwa ndi asitikali aku Guinea, omwe adatsimikizidwa ndi wamkulu Woyang'anira zaku Europe. A Condé akuti akuwasunga mndende.

Colonel Mamady Doumbouya posakhalitsa adalengeza pawailesi yakanema, Radio Télévision Guinéenne, pomwe adati boma ndi mabungwe ake adasungunuka, malamulo adaletsa, komanso malire ndi magawo am'mlengalenga aku Guinea adatsekedwa (pambuyo pake adalongosola kuti dzikolo lidzatsekedwa ku osachepera sabata). Pofalitsa, adati National Committee of Reconciliation and Development (French: Comité national du rassemblement et du développement, CNRD) izitsogolera dzikolo kwa miyezi 18 yosintha. Iwo alimbikitsanso ogwira ntchito kuboma kuti abwerere kuntchito Lolemba, 6 Seputembala, ndipo alamula boma kuti lipezeke pamsonkhano wa 11:00 pa 6 Seputembala, kuwopa kuti angaoneke ngati opanduka. Doumbouya, msirikali wakale wakale waku France yemwe adabwerera ku Guinea ku 2018 kukatenga wamkulu wa Gulu Lankhondo la Spéciales (Gulu Lankhondo Lapadera), gulu lalikulu la asitikali aku Guinea, akuti ndiye amene adayambitsa kuyesayesa.

Purezidenti Condé atachotsedwa paudindo, anthu ambiri adakondwera ndikumva zakulandidwa likulu ndi kumidzi. Madzulo, atsogoleri olanda boma alengeza zakufika panyumba kuyambira 8 koloko masana. pa 5 Seputembala "mpaka chidziwitso china", pomwe amalonjeza kuti asintha oyang'anira zigawo ndi oyang'anira asitikali ankhondo ndikusintha nduna ndi alembi ambiri m'mawa mwake, zomwe zayamba kale kuchitika mdziko muno. Ngakhale anali atafika panyumba, kubedwa kwa masitolo kunachitika m'chigawo cha boma usiku womwewo. Pofika madzulo pa 5 Seputembala, atsogoleri olanda boma alengeza kuti alamulira Conakry yonse ndi asitikali ankhondo, ndipo, malinga ndi a Guinée Matin, asitikali adalamulira oyang'anira maboma pofika pa 6 Seputembala ndipo adayamba kusinthanitsa oyang'anira boma ndi mnzake.

M'mawa mwake, atsogoleri olanda boma adasonkhanitsa nduna za boma ndikuwalamula kuti asatuluke mdzikolo ndikupereka magalimoto awo m'manja mwa asitikali, kwinaku akulonjeza zokambirana "kuti zidziwike komwe zikusintha", kulengeza kuti "boma laumodzi" sinthani izi ndikulonjeza kuti "osasaka mfiti" ali m'manja (ngakhale masiku osintha sanaperekedwe). Pambuyo pake adamangidwa ndikuwatengera ku gulu lankhondo lomwe linali pafupi. Nthawi yofikira kunyumba idachotsedwa m'migodi m'mawa womwewo, koma idakhalabe yokhazikika mdziko lonselo, ndipo malo ogulitsira ambiri akuti adatsekedwa.