Elizabeth L. Gardner
Elizabeth L. Gardner (1921 - Disembala 22, 2011) anali woyendetsa ndege waku America pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse yemwe anali membala wa Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). Anali m'modzi mwa oyendetsa ndege achikazi aku America komanso mutu wa chithunzi chodziwika bwino, atakhala pampando woyendetsa ndege wa Martin B-26 Marauder.[1]
Mu 2009, oyendetsa ndege 300 a WASP adapatsidwa Mphotho ya Golide Yachidwi kudzera mu cholembedwa chimodzi.
Moyo woyambirira ndi banja[Sinthani | sintha gwero]
Gardner anabadwira ku Rockford, Illinois, mu 1921. Anamaliza maphunziro a Rockford High School mu 1939. Anali mayi komanso mayi wapakhomo nkhondo isanayambe. Atakwatiwa, anatenga dzina lomaliza la Remba.[2]
Ntchito ya usilikali[Sinthani | sintha gwero]
Atalembetsa kukhala membala wa WASP, Gardner "anali ndi masiku awiri akuphunzitsidwa pansi pa Lieutenant Col. Paul Tibbets, yemwe pambuyo pake analamulira B-29 yomwe inagwetsa bomba loyamba la atomu pa Hiroshima". Iye anali mutu wa chithunzi cha mbiri yakale chojambulidwa kaŵirikaŵiri pamene anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 22; choyambirira chikuchitikira ku National Archives. Chithunzicho chinakhala chizindikiro cha malo a akazi potumikira dziko lawo.[3]
Gardner adakwera ndege za Martin B-26 Marauder, kuphatikizira woponya bomba wa AT-23. Imodzi mwa masiteshoni ake inali ku Dodge City, Kansas. Anaphunzitsidwa ntchito yoyendetsa ndege yoyesera komanso mphunzitsi woyendetsa ndege, komanso ankayendetsa ndege zomwe zimakoka malo omwe amawombera ndege.
Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri akumenyera nkhondo kuti avomerezedwe usilikali, mamembala a WASP adadziwika ndi Congressional Gold Medal mu 2009.[4]
Pambuyo pake moyo ndi cholowa[Sinthani | sintha gwero]
Mu December 1944, boma linathetsa bungwe la WASP, ndipo Gardner anabwerera ku bungwe laokha. Anali woyendetsa ndege pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, akuwulukira ku Piper Aircraft Corporation ku Pennsylvania. M’malo mwake, anayamba kuchita nawo maunansi a anthu, pogwiritsa ntchito luso lake loyendetsa ndege ponyamula makasitomala a Piper, kukumana ndi Dipatimenti Yoona za Chitetezo, ndiponso kulemba zokamba zonse za William T. Piper.
Gardner adagwira ntchito yoyesa woyendetsa ndege itatha nkhondo, kuphatikiza General Textile Mills, yomwe imagwira ntchito paparachute yandege yomwe idapangidwa kuti ikhazikitse bwino ndege zomwe zidapumira pakuthawa. Adachita nawo mayeso osachepera awiri ndi chipangizocho mu Disembala 1945, zomwe zidamukakamiza kuti atuluke mundege pomwe parachuti idasokonezeka mu ndege yoyeserera. Pa chochitika chachiwiri, ndegeyo inalowa m'madzi pamene zikepe zake zinali zitadzaza ndi parachuti; Gardner anathawa m'chipinda chodyeramo, koma anali 500 ft (150 m) kuchokera pansi pamene parachuti yake inatsegulidwa.[5]
Adamwalira ku New York pa Disembala 22, 2011. Rockford, Illinois idachita phwando lanyumba kumzinda wa 2019 ndikuphatikizanso chojambula chojambulidwa ndi ojambula aku Ohio a Jenny Roesel Ustick ndi Atalie Gagnet kutengera nthawi ya Gardner ngati WASP.[6]
Zolemba[Sinthani | sintha gwero]
- ↑ See Ray, Michael. Women Airforce Service Pilots UNITED STATES ARMY AIR FORCES PROGRAM. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; Plane & Pilot (December 7, 2017). "Plane Facts: Women In Aviation". Plane & Pilot. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; Rossen, Jake (April 18, 2018). "The Sky Was No Limit: The WASP Women Pilots of WWII". Mental Floss. Archived from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; and Fanelli, James (May 4, 2017). "Women members of the Navy, Army explain what their service means to them". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 24, 2019.
- ↑ Mason, Derrick (May 18, 2019). "Muralists rediscover female Rockford pilot history nearly forgot". Rockford Register Star. Archived from the original on May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
- ↑ See Ray, Michael. Women Airforce Service Pilots UNITED STATES ARMY AIR FORCES PROGRAM. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; Plane & Pilot (December 7, 2017). "Plane Facts: Women In Aviation". Plane & Pilot. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; Rossen, Jake (April 18, 2018). "The Sky Was No Limit: The WASP Women Pilots of WWII". Mental Floss. Archived from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2019.; and Fanelli, James (May 4, 2017). "Women members of the Navy, Army explain what their service means to them". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved May 24, 2019.
- ↑ Bohn, Kevin (May 22, 2009). "Unsung World War II heroes finally get their due". CNN. Archived from the original on July 1, 2009. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
- ↑ "Parachute Test". Life. January 7, 1946. pp. 30–31.
- ↑ "Paid Notice: Deaths GARDNER, ELIZABETH (LIBBY)". NYTimes.com. January 6, 2012. Archived from the original on May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
...WASP aviator during WWII, brave and caring social justice activist, writer, computer programmer, autodidact with a vast range of curiosities and pursuits.