Katemera wa chifuwa chokoka mtima
Katemera wa chifuwa chokoka mtima ndi katemera amene amateteza ku chifuwa chokoka mtima.[1] Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya katemerayu; katemera wa maselo athunthu komanso katemera wa tizigawo tamaselo.[1] Anthu 78 pa 100 aliwonse amene alandira katemera wa maselo athunthu amatetezeka ku matenda a chifuwa chokoka mtima pomwe anthu 71 mpaka 85 pa 100 aliwonse amene alandira katemera wa tizigawo tamaselo amatetezeka ku matendawa.[1][2] Zikuoneka kuti mphamvu za katemerayu zimachepa moti chaka chilichonse, anthu awiri mpaka 10 pa 100 aliwonse omwe analandira katemera wa tizigawo tamaselo amatha kudwala matenda a chifuwa chokoka mtima. Ngati mayi woyembekezera atalandira katemerayu, zingathandize kuti mwana wosabadwayo adzatetezeke kumatendawa akadzabadwa.[1] Zikuoneka kuti katemerayu anathandiza kuti anthu 500,000 asafe ndi matenda a chifukwa chokoka mtima mu 2002.[3]
Bungwe la World Health Organization ndiponso la Center for Disease Control and Prevention limalimbikitsa kuti ana onse azipatsidwa katemerayu ndipo katemera ameneyu akhale m'gulu la akatemera amene amaperekedwa nthawi zonse.[1][4] Ngakhale anthu amene ali ndi HIV/AIDS ayenera kulandira katemerayu. Ana amayenera kulandira katemerayu maulendo atatu, kuyambira ali ndi milungu 6. Kenako anawo akamakula angapatsidwenso katemera wina wowonjezera. Katemerayu amaphatikizidwa ndi katemera wa mitundu ina.[1]
Katemera wa tizigawo tamaselo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mayiko olemera chifukwa choti sabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Anthu oyambira pa 10 mpaka 50 pa 100 aliwonse amene alandira katemera wa maselo amamva kuphwanya kwa thupi, thupi limatentha, komanso pamalo pamene awabayapo pamafiira. Mwana m'modzi pa 100 aliwonse amene abayidwa katemerayu amalira kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri ndipo amatha kuchita ngati wakomoka, Febrile seizures. Koma katemera wa tizigawo tamaselo nthawi zina amangochititsa kuti mkono umene wabiyidwawo utupe pang'ono komanso kwa nthawi yochepa basi. Mavuto amene amabwera munthu akangolandira kumene katemerayu, kaya wa maselo athunthu kapena wa tizigawo tamaselo amakhala ochepa kwambiri kwa ana akhanda. Katemera wa maselo athunthu sayenera kuperekedwa kwa mwana amene wapitirira zaka 6. Mitundu iwiri yonseyi ya katemera sibwera mavuto aliwonse odetsa nkhawa okhudza ubongo.[1]
Katemera wa chifuwa chokoka mtima anapangidwa koyamba mu 1926.[5] Katemerayu ali pa gulu la World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, yemwe ndi katemera wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu amene ayenera kuperedwa ndi a zaumoyo komanso a zachipatala.[6] Mtundu wina wa katemerayu ulinso ndi mankhwala olimbana ndi kafumbata, diphtheria, poliyo, ndiponso katemera wa Hib ndipo mtengo wake unali madola 15.41 a ku America mu 2014.[7]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper - September 2015" (PDF). Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 90 (35): 433-58. 2015 Aug. PMID 26320265.
- ↑ Zhang, L; Prietsch, SO; Axelsson, I; Halperin, SA (Sep 17, 2014). "Acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 9: CD001478. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001478.pub6. PMID 25228233.
- ↑ "Annex 6 whole cell pertussis" (PDF). World Health Organization. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
- ↑ "Pertussis: Summary of Vaccine Recommendations". Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 12 Dec 2015.
- ↑ Macera, Caroline (2012). Introduction to Epidemiology: Distribution and Determinants of Disease. Nelson Education. p. 251. ISBN 9781285687148.
- ↑ "WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
- ↑ "Vaccine, Pentavalent". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2015.