Njiwa yamapiri ya Papuan

Munthu ku Walsrode Bird Park

Nkhunda ya Papuan (Gymnophaps albertisii) ndi mtundu wa mbalame zamtundu wa banja la nkhunda Columbidae. Amapezeka kuzilumba za Bacan, New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, ndi Bismarck Archipelago, komwe amakhala m'nkhalango zoyambira, nkhalango zamapiri, ndi zigwa. Ndi mtundu wanjiwa wapakatikati, kutalika kwa 33–36 cm (13–14 in) ndi kulemera kwa 259 g (9.1 oz) pafupifupi. Amuna akuluakulu ali ndi slate-grey kumtunda, kukhosi kwa chestnut-maroon ndi mimba, mawere oyera, ndi bandeji yotuwa yotuwa. Ma lores ndi orbital dera ndi ofiira owala. Akazi amafanana, koma amakhala ndi mabere otuwa komanso m'mphepete mwa nthenga zapakhosi.

Nkhunda ya ku Papuan ndi yodya kwambiri, imadya nkhuyu ndi drupe. Imaswana kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi mu Schrader Range, koma imatha kuswana chaka chonse kudutsa mitundu yake. Imamanga zisa kuchokera ku timitengo ndi nthambi mumtengo kapena kupanga chisa chapansi mu udzu wouma waufupi, ndikuikira dzira limodzi. Mitunduyi imakonda kucheza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'magulu a mbalame 10-40, ngakhale magulu ena amatha kukhala ndi anthu 80. Idalembedwa ngati yosadetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndi bungwe la International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) pa IUCN Red List chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu.

Taxonomy ndi systematics

Nkhunda yamapiri ya Papuan inafotokozedwa kuti Gymnophaps albertisii ndi katswiri wa zinyama wa ku Italy Tommaso Salvadori mu 1874 pamaziko a zitsanzo zochokera ku Andai, New Guinea. Ndiwo mtundu wamtundu wa Gymnophaps, womwe unapangidwira iwo. Dzina lachikale limachokera ku mawu Achigiriki Akale akuti γυμνος (gumnos), kutanthauza chopanda, ndi φαψ (phaps), kutanthauza nkhunda. Dzina lenileni la albertisii ndi lolemekeza Luigi D'Albertis, katswiri wa botanist wa ku Italy komanso wazanyama yemwe amagwira ntchito ku East Indies ndi New Guinea. Papuan mountain pigeon ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lomwe bungwe la International Ornithologists' Union linapereka. Mayina ena odziwika bwino amtunduwu ndi njiwa yamapiri (yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati nkhunda za Gymnophaps), njiwa yamapiri yopanda maso, njiwa yopanda maso (yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Patagioenas corensis), ndi nkhunda yamapiri ya D'Albertis.

Nkhunda ya Papuan ndi imodzi mwa mitundu inayi yamtundu wa njiwa ya Gymnophaps mu banja la njiwa Columbidae, yomwe imapezeka ku Melanesia ndi Maluku Islands. Amapanga superspecies ndi mitundu ina mu mtundu wake. M'banja lake, mtundu wa Gymnophaps ndi mlongo wa Lopholaimus, ndipo awiriwa pamodzi amapanga mlongo wa Hemiphaga. Nkhunda yamapiri ya Papuan ili ndi mitundu iwiri:

• G. a. albertisii Salvadori, 1874: Mitundu yosankhidwa, imapezeka ku Yapen, New Britain, New Ireland, Fergusson Island, Goodenough Island, ndi mapiri a New Guinea.
• G. a. exsul (Hartert, 1903): Imapezeka kuzilumba za Bacan. Anthu ndi akulu komanso akuda kuposa omwe amasankha mitundu yamitundu, pomwe mutu umakhala wosalala kwathunthu, wopanda zibwano za chestnut-maroon, mmero, ndi makutu a amuna omwe amasankha.