Charles III

Mfumu Charles III ku Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Scottish kuti alandire Chitonthozo pa Seputembara 12, 2022

Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; wobadwa 14 Novembara 1948) ndi Mfumu ya United Kingdom ndi madera ena 14 a Commonwealth. Adakhala pampando wachifumu pa 8 September 2022 atamwalira amayi ake, Elizabeth II. Iye anali wolowa nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri m'mbiri ya Britain ndipo ndi munthu wamkulu kwambiri kukhala pampando wachifumu, akutero ali ndi zaka 73.

Charles adabadwira ku Buckingham Palace ngati mwana woyamba wa Mfumukazi Elizabeth, Duchess wa Edinburgh, ndi Philip, Duke wa Edinburgh, komanso mdzukulu woyamba wa King George VI ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeth. Anaphunzitsidwa kusukulu za Cheam ndi Gordonstoun, zomwe abambo ake adaphunzira ali mwana. Pambuyo pake adakhala chaka chimodzi pasukulu ya Timbertop ya Geelong Grammar School ku Victoria, Australia. Atalandira digiri ya Bachelor of Arts ku yunivesite ya Cambridge, Charles adatumikira ku Royal Air Force ndi Royal Navy kuyambira 1971 mpaka 1976. Mu 1981, anakwatira Lady Diana Spencer, yemwe anali ndi ana awiri, Prince William ndi Prince Harry. Mu 1996, banjali linasudzulana pambuyo poti aliyense achita zibwenzi zodziwika bwino zakunja. Diana anamwalira chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto ku Paris chaka chotsatira. Mu 2005, Charles adakwatirana ndi mnzake wanthawi yayitali, Camilla Parker Bowles.

Monga Prince of Wales, Charles adagwira ntchito m'malo mwa Elizabeth II. Adakhazikitsa bungwe lothandizira achinyamata la Prince's Trust mu 1976, amathandizira a Prince's Charities, ndipo ndi wothandizira, purezidenti, kapena membala wa mabungwe ndi mabungwe oposa 400. Iye walimbikitsa kusungidwa kwa nyumba za mbiri yakale komanso kufunika kwa zomangamanga pakati pa anthu. Wotsutsa zomangamanga zamakono, Charles adagwira ntchito popanga Poundbury, tawuni yatsopano yoyesera kutengera zomwe amakonda. Iyenso ndi wolemba kapena wolemba nawo mabuku angapo.

Katswiri wazachilengedwe, Charles adathandizira ulimi wachilengedwe komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti aletse kusintha kwanyengo munthawi yake ngati manejala wa madera a Duchy of Cornwall, ndikumupatsa mphotho komanso kuzindikiridwa ndi magulu azachilengedwe. Iyenso ndi wotsutsa kwambiri za kukhazikitsidwa kwa zakudya zosinthidwa chibadwa. Thandizo la Charles pa homeopathy ndi njira zina zamankhwala zakhala zikutsutsidwa. Kutsatira zoneneza zokhudza kupereka unzika wa ku Britain kwa opereka chithandizo, machitidwe a bungwe lake lothandizira, Prince's Foundation, adakopa kutsutsidwa; pakali pano, bungwe lachifundo ndilomwe likufufuza zomwe apolisi aku Metropolitan akufufuza za ndalama zopezera ulemu.

Maukwati

Ukwati kwa Lady Diana Spencer

Charles adakumana koyamba ndi Lady Diana Spencer mu 1977 pomwe amapita kunyumba kwawo, Althorp. Anali mnzake wa mlongo wake wamkulu, Sarah, ndipo sanamukonde Diana mpaka pakati pa 1980. Pomwe Charles ndi Diana adakhala limodzi pampando wa udzu pamalo opangira anzawo mu Julayi, adanenanso kuti adawoneka wokhumudwa ndipo akufunika chisamaliro pamaliro a agogo ake a Lord Mountbatten. Posakhalitsa, malinga ndi wolemba mbiri yosankhidwa ndi Charles, Jonathan Dimbleby, "popanda kukhudzidwa kulikonse, adayamba kuganiza mozama za iye ngati mkwatibwi" ndipo adatsagana ndi Charles paulendo wopita ku Balmoral Castle ndi Sandringham House.

Msuweni wa Charles Norton Knatchbull ndi mkazi wake adauza Charles kuti Diana akuwoneka kuti adachita chidwi ndi udindo wake komanso kuti sakuwoneka kuti sakondana naye. Panthawiyi, kupitiriza chibwenzi kwa awiriwa kunakopa chidwi cha atolankhani ndi paparazzi. Prince Philip atamuuza kuti zongopeka za atolankhani zitha kuwononga mbiri ya Diana ngati Charles sanapange chisankho chomukwatira posachedwa, ndikuzindikira kuti anali mkwatibwi wachifumu woyenera (malinga ndi zomwe Mountbatten amafuna), Charles adawona upangiri wa abambo ake ngati chenjezo. kupitiriza popanda kuchedwa.

Charles adafunsira Diana mu February 1981; adavomera ndipo adakwatirana ku St Paul's Cathedral pa 29 July chaka chimenecho. Atakwatirana, Charles adachepetsa zopereka zake zamisonkho modzifunira kuchokera ku phindu lomwe a Duchy of Cornwall amapeza kuchokera pa 50% mpaka 25%. Awiriwa ankakhala ku Kensington Palace ndi ku Highgrove House, pafupi ndi Tetbury, ndipo anali ndi ana awiri: Princes William (b. 1982) ndi Henry (wotchedwa "Harry") (b. 1984). Charles adapereka chitsanzo pokhala bambo wachifumu woyamba kupezeka pa kubadwa kwa ana ake.

Pasanathe zaka zisanu, banjali linali pamavuto chifukwa chosagwirizana komanso kusiyana kwa zaka 13. Pofika Novembala 1986, Charles adayambiranso chibwenzi chake ndi Camilla Parker Bowles. Muvidiyo yomwe inalembedwa ndi Peter Settelen mu 1992, Diana adavomereza kuti pofika 1986, "adakondana kwambiri ndi munthu amene amagwira ntchito m'deralo." Akuganiza kuti akunena za Barry Mannakee, yemwe adasamutsidwa ku Diplomatic Protection Squad mu 1986 pambuyo pomwe mameneja ake adatsimikiza kuti ubale wake ndi Diana sunali woyenerera. Pambuyo pake Diana adayamba ubale ndi Major James Hewitt, yemwe anali mlangizi wakale wabanjali. Kusasangalatsa kwa Charles ndi Diana m'gulu la anzawo kudapangitsa kuti atolankhani azitcha "The Glums". Diana adawulula za chibwenzi cha Charles ndi Camilla m'buku la Andrew Morton, Diana, Nkhani Yake Yowona. Matepi amawu osonyeza kukopana kwawo kunja kwa banja anawonekeranso. Malingaliro osalekeza akuti Hewitt ndi abambo a Prince Harry adachokera pakufanana kwakuthupi pakati pa Hewitt ndi Harry. Komabe, Harry anali atabadwa kale pomwe chibwenzi cha Diana ndi Hewitt chinayamba.

Kulekana mwalamulo ndi kusudzulana

Mu December 1992, nduna yaikulu ya ku Britain, John Major, analengeza kuti banjali lapatukana mwalamulo mu Nyumba ya Malamulo. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chimenecho, atolankhani aku Britain adasindikiza zonena za zokambirana zapa foni pakati pa Charles ndi Camilla kuyambira 1989, zomwe adazitcha Camillagate ndi atolankhani. Charles adafuna kumvetsetsa kwa anthu mufilimu ya kanema wawayilesi, Charles: The Private Man, the Public Role, ndi Jonathan Dimbleby yomwe idawulutsidwa pa 29 June 1994. Poyankhulana mufilimuyi, adatsimikiza za chibwenzi chake ndi Camilla, ponena kuti adachitapo kanthu. adatsitsimutsanso ubale wawo mu 1986 pokhapokha ukwati wake ndi Diana "unasokonekera". Izi zinatsatiridwa ndi kuvomereza kwa Diana mwini mavuto a m'banja poyankhulana ndi BBC panopa amasonyeza Panorama, yofalitsidwa pa November 20, 1995. Ponena za ubale wa Charles ndi Camilla, anati: "Chabwino, tinalipo atatu muukwati uwu, kotero. kunali kodzaza pang'ono." Anasonyezanso kukayikira ngati mwamuna wake ndi woyenera kukhala mfumu. Charles ndi Diana adasudzulana pa Ogasiti 28, 1996, atalangizidwa ndi Mfumukazi mu Disembala 1995 kuti athetse ukwatiwo. Diana anaphedwa pa ngozi ya galimoto ku Paris pa 31 August chaka chotsatira; Charles adawulukira ku Paris ndi azilongo ake a Diana kuti aperekeze thupi lake kubwerera ku Britain.

Ukwati ndi Camilla Parker Bowles

Kugwirizana kwa Charles ndi Camilla Parker Bowles kudalengezedwa pa 10 February 2005; adamupatsa mphete yachinkhoswe yomwe inali ya agogo ake. Chilolezo cha Mfumukazi paukwatiwo (monga chimafunidwa ndi Royal Marriages Act 1772) chidalembedwa pamsonkhano wa Privy Council pa 2 Marichi. Ku Canada, Dipatimenti Yoona za Chilungamo inalengeza chigamulo chake chakuti Queen's Privy Council ku Canada sichiyenera kukumana kuti apereke chilolezo chaukwati, chifukwa mgwirizanowu sudzabweretsa ana ndipo sudzakhudza kutsatizana kwa mpando wachifumu wa Canada. .

Charles anali yekhayo m'banja lachifumu amene anali ndi ukwati wapachiweniweni m'malo mwa ukwati wa tchalitchi ku England. Zolemba zaboma za m'ma 1950 ndi 1960, zofalitsidwa ndi BBC, zidati ukwati woterewu ndi wosaloledwa, ngakhale izi zidathetsedwa ndi mneneri wa Charles, ndipo zidafotokozedwa kuti zidatha ndi boma.

Ukwatiwo udayenera kuchitika pamwambo wamba ku Windsor Castle, ndi madalitso achipembedzo ku St George's Chapel. Malowa adasinthidwa kukhala Windsor Guildhall, chifukwa ukwati wapachiweniweni ku Windsor Castle uyenera kuti malowa azipezeka kwa aliyense amene akufuna kukwatirana kumeneko. Kutatsala masiku anayi ukwatiwo usanachitike, unaimitsidwa kuyambira tsiku lomwe linakonzedweratu la 8 April mpaka tsiku lotsatira kuti alole Charles ndi ena mwa akuluakulu oitanidwa kukapezeka pa maliro a Papa John Paul II.

Makolo a Charles sanapite nawo mwambo waukwati wa boma; Kukana kwa Mfumukazi kupezekapo mwina kudayamba chifukwa cha udindo wake monga Bwanamkubwa wamkulu wa Tchalitchi cha England. Mfumukazi ndi Mtsogoleri wa Edinburgh adachita nawo mwambo wamadalitso ndipo pambuyo pake adachita phwando la okwatirana kumene ku Windsor Castle. Madalitso, a Archbishop waku Canterbury, Rowan Williams, ku St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, adawulutsidwa.