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Matenda Oyambitsa Khungu Komanso Matuza

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Matenda Oyambitsa Khungu Komanso Matuza
Magulu ndiponso kumene kwachokera zinthu
ICD/CIM-10B73 B73
ICD/CIM-9125.3 125.3
DiseasesDB9218

Matenda oyambitsa khungu komanso matuza, omwenso amadziwika ndi mayina akuti khungu lakumtsinje ndiponso matenda a Robles, ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kanyongolosi kotchedwa Onchocerca volvulus.[1] Zina mwa zizindikiro za matendawa n'zakuti munthu yemwe ali nawo amamva kuyabwa kwambiri, amatuluka matuza pakhungu, ndiponso amachita khungu.[1] Matendawa ndi chinthu chachiwiri, kuwonjera pa ng'ala, chomwe chimachititsa anthu ambri khungu padziko lonse.[2]

Ntchentche zakuda za m'gulu la Simulium ndi zimene zimafalitsa tinyongolosi toyambitsa matendawa.[1] Nthawi zambiri kuti munthu afike podwala matendawa amafunika kulumidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi ntchentchezi.[3] Ntchentche za mtundu umenewu zimapezeka pafupi ndi mtsinje, n'chifukwa chake dzina lina la matendawa ndi lakuti khungu la kumtsinje.[2] Nyongolosi zoyambitsa matendawa zikalowa m'thupi mwa munthu, zimaikira mazira omwe omabwera kuseri kwa khungu la munthuyo.[1] Ndiyeno munthuyo akalumidwanso ndi ntchentche ina yakuda, mazira aja amalowa m'thupi mwa ntchentcheyo.[1] Pali njira zambiri zimene madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pofuna kudziwa ngati munthu ali ndi nyongolosizi kapena mazira ake m'thupi kwake: njira yoyamba ndi kumuyeza pakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a saline kenako n'kudikirira kuti nyongolosi ndi mazirawo zitulukire kunja kwa khungu, kuyang'ana m'maso mwa munthuyo ngati muli nyongolosi kapena mazira ake, ndiponso kuyang'ana m'matudza a pakhungu ngati muli nyongolosi.[4]

Padakali pano palibe katemera woteteza kumatendawa.[1] Koma munthu angawapewe ngati atamayesetsa kuti asalumidwe ndi ntchentche.[5] Ndipo zinthu zimene zingamuthandize kuti asalumidwe ndi kudzola mafuta othamangitsa tizilombo ndiponso kuvala zovala zimene zingachititse kuti ntchentche isathe kumuluma.[5] Zinanso zimene munthu angachite n'kupopera mankhwala opha tizilombo m'malo amene ntchentchezo imapezeka zambiri.[1] Akuluakulu azaumoyo m'madera ena padzikoli akuyesetsa kuti athane ndi matendawa, ndipo akuchita zimenezi popereka mankhwala kwa anthu onse m'maderawo, kawiri pachaka.[1] Koma anthu omwe nyongolosi zoyambitsa matendawa kapena mazira ake zalowa kale m'thupi mwawo amapatsidwa mankhwala otchedwa ivermectin pa miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse.[1][6] Mankhwala amenewa amapheratu mazira koma osati nyongolosi.[7] Ndipo mankhwala ena otchedwa doxycycline, omwe amapha tizilombo tina tamtundu wa mabakiteriya otchedwa Wolbachia, amafooketsa kwambiri nyongolosi zoyambitsa matenda a khungu ndi matudzazi, ndipo madokotala ena amalimbikitsa odwala kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amenewa. [7] Komanso opaleshoni yochotsa matuza ndi nsungu pakhungu imathandizanso.[6]

Padziko lonse, anthu pafupifupi 17 mpaka 25 miliyoni ali ndi matenda a khungu la kumtsinje, ndipo mwa anthu amenewa, pafupifupi 1 miliyoni maso awo anachita khungu.[3][7] Ambiri mwa anthu amene ali ndi matendawa ndi a m'mayiko a kumwera kwa chipululu cha Saharan ku Africa, ndipo matendawa akufalikiranso ku Yemen ndi m'madera ena a ku Central ndi South America.[1] Mu 1915, dokotala wina wotchedwa Rodolfo Robles anatulukira kuti nyongolosi ndi zimene zimayambitsa matenda amenewa.[8] Bungwe Loona za Umoyo Padziko Lonse linaika matendawa pa m'ndandanda wa matenda amene akunyalanyazidwa kwambiri m'mayiko otentha.[9]

Malifalensi

[Sinthani | sintha gwero]
  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors". CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  4. ↑ "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Murray, Patrick (2013). Medical microbiology (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 792. ISBN 9780323086929.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brunette, Gary W. (2011). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book. Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199830367.
  8. ↑ Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004). "9. Filariasis". In Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J. (eds.). Medical entomology (Revised ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 301. ISBN 9781402017940.
  9. ↑ Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007). "Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review". JAMA. 298 (16): 1911–24. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911. PMID 17954542.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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